The present study assessed the effects of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone on aggressive responding in a controlled laboratory setting. Eight male subjects received gradually increasing doses of testosterone cypionate (150 mg/week for two weeks, 300 mg/week for two weeks, and 600 mg/week for two weeks) or placebo using a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design. Subjects were tested both before and after the series of injections. During the experimental session subjects could press a button to accumulate points exchangeable for money (non-aggressive response) or press another button to subtract points from a fictitious opponent (aggressive response). Aggressive responding was instigated by subtracting points from the subject which was attributable to the fictitious opponent. Testosterone administration resulted in a significantly higher number of aggressive responding compared to placebo.

Increased aggressive responding in male volunteers...[Drug Alcohol Depend. 1995] - PubMed Result

The effect of physiologic (100 mg/wk) and supraphysiologic (250 and 500 mg/wk) doses of testosterone cypionate (TC) on automobile driving were studied using the Iowa Driver Simulator. Six normal subject volunteers were studied off TC and on TC once steady-state concentrations were achieved after at least three weeks of dosing. Despite the administration of supraphysiologic testosterone doses, an increase in aggressive driving behavior was not detected. Likewise, corresponding psychometric testing using the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory to assess aggression was unable to detect any change in aggression in the test subjects. Although aggressive driving behavior may be increased by testosterone administration, the drug itself may not be responsible for these effects. Supraphysiologic doses greater than 500 mg/wk and a semi-controlled research environment may be necessary to produce this effect since case reports of AAS abuse causing altered driving behavior may be multifactorial in nature.

The effects of anabolic steroids on driving perfor...[Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1997] - PubMed Result

CONCLUSIONS: Testosterone administration, 600 mg/wk increased ratings of manic symptoms in normal men. This effect, however, was not uniform across individuals; most showed little psychological change, whereas a few developed prominent effects. The mechanism of these variable reactions remains unclear.

Effects of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone ...[Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000] - PubMed Result

Male hypogonadism is one of the most common endocrinologic syndromes. The diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms plus laboratory confirmation via the measurement of low morning testosterone levels on two different occasions. Serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels distinguish between primary (hypergonadotropic) and secondary (hypogonadotropic) hypogonadism. Hypogonadism associated with aging (andropause) may present a mixed picture, with low testosterone levels and low to low-normal gonadotropin levels. Androgen replacement therapy in hypogonadal men has many potential benefits: improved sexual function, an enhanced sense of well-being, increased lean body mass, decreased body fat, and increased bone density. However, it also carries potential risks, including the possibility of stimulating the growth of an occult prostate cancer. The benefits of androgen therapy outweigh the risks in men with classic hypogonadism. However, for men with mild hypogonadism or andropause, the balance between benefits and risks is not always clear. Unfortunately, studies to date have included too small a number of patients and have been too short in duration to provide meaningful data on the long-term risks versus the benefits of androgen replacement therapy in these populations. Several products are currently marketed for the treatment of male hypogonadism. Weekly-to-biweekly injections of testosterone cypionate (cipionate) or testosterone enanthate (enantate) are widely used, as they are economical and generally well tolerated. However, once-daily transdermal therapies have become increasingly popular and now include both patch and gel systems. Intramuscular injection of testosterone undecanoate is an attractive new therapy that can be administered quarterly. To confirm an adequate replacement dosage, assessment of clinical responses and measurement of serum testosterone levels generally suffice. For selected men, serial measurement of bone mineral density during androgen therapy might be helpful to confirm end-organ effects. For men aged >50 years, we advocate measurement of hematocrit for detection of polycythemia and a digital rectal examination with a serum prostate-specific antigen level measurement for prostate cancer screening during the first few months of androgen therapy. Subsequently, a hematocrit should be obtained yearly or after changes in therapy, and annual prostate cancer screening can be offered to the patient after a discussion of its risks and benefits.

Male hypogonadism : an update on diagnosis and tre...[Treat Endocrinol. 2005] - PubMed Result

Save The Developers
Save A Developer. Upgrade Your Browser.

SaveTheDevelopers.org :: Making The Web A Better Place, One Campaign At A Time...

In the recent past, it took a team of experts several months to design, provision, setup, and test the infrastructure for a fully-functioning web app. Load balancers, SQL clusters, web servers, storage arrays, network switches, and huge internet pipes were needed and specialists were called in for the deployment. The cost was large, but necessary.

Today, with cloud computing, the window has been shortened from months to days. No more hardware to buy…no more switches to manage…no more storage arrays to configure.
But what belongs in the cloud?

Does your entire app? Does a portion of your app? Is it secure? Is it cost effective? Does it scale?

ServiceCloud - making the cloud work for you

Many people have told me that they have used the ElasticFox extension for Firefox to get started with Amazon EC2. ElasticFox makes it easy to see the list of available AMIs (Amazon Machine Images), to launch any number of instances of those AMIs, and to monitor and manage the running instances

Amazon Web Services Blog: New Release of ElasticFox

The Rejection Hotline®

The dating scene is full of people who can't take a hint or can't take "no" for an answer (and many who apparently can't take showers, can't brush their teeth, or can't seem to go out in social settings without awkwardly embarrassing themselves).

The Rejection Hotline exists as a simple alternative to uncomfortable situations and it is a public service to both the rejector and to the rejectee!

Recently funded Atlanta telephony startup

Rejection Hotline

Bush said evidence suggests Russia may be preparing to depose Georgia's democratically elected government.

"Such an action is unacceptable in the 21st century," he said.

Yeah I mean, where did they get the idea that in this day and age they can just go around taking over other countries just because they CAN?

Bush to Russia: Reverse course in Georgia - CNN.com

A talk about raising capital by Atlanta Angel investor Charlie Paparelli.

Raising Capital - A Talk by Charlie Paparelli